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This changes based on whether battery is charging or discharging.
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Cathode is the terminal where electrons are gained.
- Cathode Current Departs (CCD)
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Anode is the terminal where electrons are lost.
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During discharge, the positive terminal is cathode.
- Since the current flows out of the positive terminal, electrons are gained.
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During charging, the negative terminal is cathode.
- Cuz the current flows into the positive terminal to charge up the battery, hence current must be flowing out of the negative terminal.
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Cathode in vacuum tubes in vacuum tubes loses electrons. It’s called such because of historical reasons (cathode ray tubes).